CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentenses is subjunctive in a compound sentence and has more than one idea. like a compound sentence, conditional sentence consists of the main clause and subordinate clause. In general, conditional sentence using the word "IF" between the main clause and subordinate clause.

Example:

He will get a good grade if he studies hard

in the example,sentence "He will get good grades" is a main clause and "He studies hard" is a subordinate clause. Conditional Sentence has three different forms:

A.    Future conditional sentences

Used to declare an act that would happen or a prediction of the future if the conditions are met. general form of the sentence is

S+ will / can / might / should / may + V1 , IF + S + V1

of the form above we can know that the main clause consist of the subject,modal will,can,might,should and may and followed by V₁,then the subordinate clause consists of simple present tense. example:

1.      If I find it, I will give it to you.

2.      If we don’t try to save the fatahillah museum, we will lose it.

3.      You will be sick, if you walk in the rain.

4.      If he gives me to book, I will retrun it to you.

5.      Don’t make noise! you will wake the baby up, if you do it.

6.      Mr. Hamza always answars the phone, if he is in the office.

7.      If I have enough money, I will buy a new book.

8.      If I meet him, I will tell

B.     Present conditional sentences

This subjunctive is used for events that are not the same as real or unreal condition.The general form is:

S + would / could / might + V₁ , IF + S + V₂

These conditions consist of the main clause subject, modal would, could and might and then followed by V₁ and subordinate clause consist of simple past tense.

Example:

1.      If  I met  him, I would tell him.

(In reality,I didn’t met him)

2.      If you told me, I would help you.

(In reality,you didn’t tell me)

3.      He would be pleased if you told him the good.

(In reality,you didn’t tell him the good)

4.      If I worked hard, I would get some money.

(In reality,I didn’t work hard)

5.      If you borrowed a book, you would come back.

(In reality,you didn’t borrow a book)

C.     Past conditonal sentences

This form of conditional sentences in the hope of the past events is may not happen.

General form is:

S + would/could/might + have +V₃ , IF + S + had + V₃

This form consist of the main clause subject, modal would/could/might and then followed by V₃ and subordinate clause consist of past prefect tense.

Example:

1.      If I had known that you were my neightbor, I would have come to your house.

2.      I would not have succeeded in the interview test, if I had not prepare for it well.

3.      If the boom had not exploded in Bali and killed hundreds of people many foreign tourists would  lifthave taken a long holiday in Bali.

4.      If they had known that English is very important, they would have taken English course.

5.      If he had flown to Madura by plane, he would have seen the bull race.

6.      If they had arrived at the theater on time, they would not have missed the first act.

7.      He would had been sent to study abroad, if he had been able to speak English well.

8.      If the president director had not refused to restructure the company  for improvements, the performance of the company would not have been good

9.      if you had used a word – processor, you could have easily good  another paragraph to your composition.

10.  If the tourists bus had come to our school on time, we would have arrived at Bali in the morning.

11.  If the dog had not stopped barking, we could not have slept well.

12.  If the teacher speak louder during the speaking examination, we would knew his instructions.

D.    Unless

The word “IF” in conditional sentence can also replace with “unless” by changing the subordinate clause into positive.In other hand,”unless” can be used to replace “IF + not” in the conditional sentence

General form:

Main clause + unless +  Subordinate clause

Or

Unless + Subordinate clause, Main clause 

Example:

If         :           You will lose your money if you don’t keep it in safe place.

Unless :           You will lose your money unless you keep it in safe place.

If         :           If you don’t help me, I can’t lift this table

Unless :           Unless you help me, I can’t lift this table